出國(guó)留學(xué)IB心理干貨資料SAQ比ERQ簡(jiǎn)單嗎
Short Answer Question,顧名思義,很short。雖然短,但是在Paper 1中的占分比卻很大!Paper 1分為Section A和B。SAQ只會(huì)出現(xiàn)在Paper 1的Section A中,而且我們必須回答每個(gè)來(lái)自三個(gè)不同的approach的問(wèn)題。
一道SAQ占9分,也就是說(shuō)三道是27分。這27分再加上Section B的一道ERQ的22分就組成了Paper 1的49分。IB心理
根據(jù)2019的分?jǐn)?shù)線(xiàn),只要Paper1超過(guò)36/49就是7分。眾所周知,每年翻車(chē)率最大且最難準(zhǔn)備的就是ERQ了。
如果能夠保證SAQ拿滿(mǎn)分(或者接近滿(mǎn)分)的話(huà),那ERQ只要拿到一半(11/22)的分?jǐn)?shù)就可以拿到7分了。
從2021年調(diào)整的整體評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)看,Paper 1占總分55%,而IA占45%。也就是說(shuō)只要Paper 1拿到7分,整體就穩(wěn)了!
更主要的一點(diǎn)是,相比ERQ,SAQ不需要我們輸出Critical thinking!不需要我們輸出Critical thinking!不需要我們輸出Critical thinking!(重要的事情說(shuō)三遍)
只要你能夠?qū)懬宄槭裁茨阏J(rèn)為這個(gè)案例可以回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題就可以了。因?yàn)闆](méi)有了ERQ的不穩(wěn)定性,所以很多人都喜歡用SAQ來(lái)保分。想知道怎樣能夠?qū)懞肧AQ的話(huà)就接著往下看吧!
SAQ Rubric
SAQ的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)真的很簡(jiǎn)單粗暴(是的,這是IB的原版,完全沒(méi)有像ERQ那樣分成不同的section)。
Mark band
Level descriptor
0
The answer does not reach as standard described by the descriptors below.
1-3
The response is of limited relevance to or only rephrases the question.
Knowledge and understanding is mostly inaccurate or not relevant to the question.
The research supporting the response is mostly not relevant to the question and if relevant only listed.
4-6
The response is relevant to the question,but does not meet the command term requirements.
Knowledge and understanding is accurate but limited.
The response is supported by appropriate research which is described.
7-9
The response is fully focused on the question and meets the command term requirements.
Knowledge and understanding is accurate and addresses the main topics/problems identified in the question.
The response is supported by appropriate research which is described and explicitly linked to the question.
所以為了讓評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更加簡(jiǎn)單易懂,讓我們把Level descriptor分成三個(gè)Criteria吧:
Response,Knowledge and Understanding和Research。
A.Response
Mark band
Level descriptor
0
The answer does not reach as standard described by the descriptors below.
1-3
The response is of limited relevance to or only rephrases the question.
4-6
The response is relevant to the question,but does not meet the command term requirements.
7-9
The response is fully focused on the question and meets the command term requirements.
Response最看重的就是你的答案有沒(méi)有專(zhuān)注在回應(yīng)問(wèn)題上(The response is fully focused on the question)。
為了節(jié)省時(shí)間和手力,開(kāi)頭第一句就要明確寫(xiě)出你的答案。這個(gè)時(shí)候就不要為了湊字?jǐn)?shù)而把所有跟題目不相關(guān)信息都寫(xiě)上啦,會(huì)被認(rèn)為是你沒(méi)有完全理解這個(gè)問(wèn)題的哦。學(xué)在加拿大
舉例:“Describe one model of memory”
第一句:One model of memory is……
看到問(wèn)題中和高分mark band中的中心詞了嗎?
沒(méi)錯(cuò),又是我們的Command terms!劃重點(diǎn),想要拿到7-9分就要保證你的回答符合問(wèn)題中出現(xiàn)的Command terms。
雖然IBO說(shuō)SAQ中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)6個(gè)Command terms:Describe,Identify,Outline,Comment,Explain,Suggest
但是實(shí)際上從2017年心理學(xué)改版到現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)的只有三個(gè):
a)Describe
舉例:“Describe one effect of neurotransmission on human behaviour.”
你所需要做的就是描述因?yàn)镹eurotransmission所導(dǎo)致的人類(lèi)行為變化。
Describe的回答:The increase of neurotransmission of acetylcholine could affecthumans’memory.
結(jié)構(gòu)參考:
說(shuō)明什么是Neurotransmitter并且介紹你所選的和它可能會(huì)對(duì)什么人類(lèi)行為造成影響
描述Neurotransmission的過(guò)程
描述你所選的案例(research/study)
解釋你選的案例是如何證明人類(lèi)的行為變化和Neurotransmission有關(guān)
b)Explain
Explain就是要我們?cè)贒escribe的基礎(chǔ)上詳加說(shuō)明,包括理由和原因。
舉例:Describe one effect of neurotransmission on human behaviour.
我們要解釋為什么這樣的事情會(huì)發(fā)生,而不僅僅是發(fā)生了什么。
Explain的回答:The increase of neurotransmission of acetylcholine could affect humans’memory because it stimulates nerve signals to be sent in hippocampus which memory processing is dependent on.
整體結(jié)構(gòu)和上面Describe的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,但是要把描述改成解釋。
c)Outline
Outline是最簡(jiǎn)單的一個(gè)Command terms。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)對(duì)寫(xiě)作要求最少,只要簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)明和總結(jié)一下就可以了,除此之外真的沒(méi)什么了。
如果實(shí)在擔(dān)心的話(huà)可以按照Explain來(lái)寫(xiě),畢竟Explain包括Outline嘛(宇宙盡頭是Explain)。
雖然三個(gè)command term關(guān)注的答題重點(diǎn)不相同,但寧愿多寫(xiě)一點(diǎn)解釋也不能少寫(xiě)??!
B.Knowledge and Understanding
Mark band
Level descriptor
0
The answer does not reach as standard described by the descriptors below.
1-3
Knowledge and understanding is mostly inaccurate or not relevant to the question.
4-6
Knowledge and understanding is accurate but limited.
7-9
Knowledge and understanding is accurate and addresses the main topic/problem identified in the question.
這個(gè)Criteria是在干什么呢?這是在叫我們多多背書(shū)炫耀記憶力哦。
Knowledge and Understanding跟ERQ中Criteria B一樣考的都是對(duì)于知識(shí)的理解。這個(gè)Criteria最看重的就是知識(shí)的準(zhǔn)確度,所以要盡量避免出現(xiàn)把名稱(chēng)或者定義寫(xiě)錯(cuò)了的失誤。
在這個(gè)Criteria中拿分的地方是背景知識(shí)和案例的介紹。要注意的是,在回答中一定要寫(xiě)出所有專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯的定義。學(xué)習(xí)資料
要想象成你不是在給考官寫(xiě)答案而是在給一個(gè)從來(lái)沒(méi)有學(xué)過(guò)心理學(xué)的人寫(xiě)說(shuō)明書(shū)。所以想要在這個(gè)Criteria中拿到高分的話(huà)就只能乖乖地背定義和理論了。
舉例:Describe one explanation for the formation of stereotype.
背景知識(shí)部分則需要包含:
1.Stereotype的準(zhǔn)確定義
2.Stereotype是如何形成的?為什么?根據(jù)什么theory?
案例部分和ERQ一樣需要包含:
1.Aim(目的)→研究員想要通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)了解什么?
2.Procedure(實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟)→ta們是怎么做到的?
3.Result(實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果)→結(jié)果是什么樣的?
這個(gè)時(shí)候就需要把所有記住的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和細(xì)節(jié)給寫(xiě)上去了,因?yàn)檫@樣才能夠展現(xiàn)出你對(duì)于問(wèn)題和知識(shí)的理解程度。
介紹案例的段落開(kāi)頭可以寫(xiě)成“One study on the(題目)was done by(人名&年份)”,這樣既不拖泥帶水又把案例給直接點(diǎn)了出來(lái)。
C.Research
Mark band
Level descriptor
0
The answer does not reach as standard described by the descriptors below.
1-3
The research supporting the response is mostly not relevant to the question and if relevant only listed.
4-6
The response is supported by appropriate research which is described.
7-9
The response is supported by appropriate research which is described and explicitly linked to the question.
雖然ERQ中可以用不同Approach的案例來(lái)回答問(wèn)題以展現(xiàn)自己的Critical thinking,但是在被格式所限制的SAQ中,不能用一個(gè)Social-cultural approach的案例去回答B(yǎng)iological approach的問(wèn)題。
所以Research的Criteria看的是你選的案例和問(wèn)題的匹配程度。
那么匹配程度是如何在SAQ中展現(xiàn)出來(lái)的呢?
這就要看你能不能把實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和問(wèn)題聯(lián)系(Link)起來(lái)了。這里的Link指的是要解釋你所描述的案例是如何解釋說(shuō)明你對(duì)該問(wèn)題最初的答案的。
舉例:Explain one example of localization of brain function.
最初的答案→Localization of function is the theory that specific parts of the brain are responsible for specific cognitive processes,each part of the brain functions differently to form human behaviour.Therefore,damaging the areas in the brain might create losses of particular functions.
案例→Corkin et al(1997)H.M case study
聯(lián)系→As H.M could not remember his long-term memories after his hippocampus was damaged,it indicates that the hippocampus is a temporary memory storage rather than permanent memory storage.This is able to explain that the job of memory storage is separated in different regions of the brain.
注意除非問(wèn)題表明需要兩個(gè)或者以上的案例,不然在SAQ中只能寫(xiě)一個(gè)案例。甚至很多問(wèn)題本身也會(huì)明確表明只要一個(gè)案例(with reference to one study)。如果寫(xiě)多了的話(huà),考官只會(huì)按照你寫(xiě)的第一個(gè)案例來(lái)進(jìn)行評(píng)分。
除此之外還要注意,很多題目會(huì)明確表明要的是Human behaviour。所以做準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)候一定要想清楚:如果用了以動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的案例的話(huà),要怎樣才能夠把動(dòng)物的行為數(shù)據(jù)跟人類(lèi)的行為聯(lián)系起來(lái)。
有的同學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己出現(xiàn)過(guò)寫(xiě)著寫(xiě)著跑題了的情況。比如,問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是Neural pruning但是寫(xiě)的方向卻是Neurotransmission。留學(xué)加拿大
雖然這兩個(gè)區(qū)域是有關(guān)聯(lián)的,但是如果不能完整地表達(dá)出它們之間的關(guān)系的話(huà)是會(huì)被扣分的(not relevant)。
所以說(shuō)選擇一個(gè)好的Study很重要!??!為考試做準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)候一定要多看看幾個(gè)不同的案例,想清楚這些案例分別可能對(duì)應(yīng)的問(wèn)題有哪些再開(kāi)始背哦。
SAQ結(jié)構(gòu)
通過(guò)剛才的SAQ rubric,我們可以把SAQ分成三個(gè)大段落。具體如下:
第一段
Direct response to the question/
Background information
(Response&Knowledge and Understanding)
-直接回應(yīng)問(wèn)題
-寫(xiě)出所有專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯的意思
-解釋任何涉及到的步驟或者理論(theory)
第二段
Study
(Knowledge and Understanding)
-介紹你所選的案例
-包含Aim,Procedure,Conclusion
第三段
Link
-解釋你選的案例和問(wèn)題的聯(lián)系
(Research)
為了讓Link看起來(lái)更加連貫,也可以選擇把在第二段的案例的conclusion挪到link的段落來(lái)講。
寫(xiě)(不會(huì)扣分的),但是人名一定不能不寫(xiě)。

更多留學(xué)干貨內(nèi)容,歡迎繼續(xù)關(guān)注學(xué)在加拿大官網(wǎng)及美國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)。
更多留學(xué)干貨內(nèi)容,歡迎關(guān)注學(xué)在加拿大官方微信號(hào)或者小助手
微信小助手
微信企業(yè)號(hào)
更多留學(xué)申請(qǐng)規(guī)劃問(wèn)題歡迎掃碼聯(lián)系小助手免費(fèi)咨詢(xún)獲取干貨資料包
>>手機(jī)用戶(hù),可以直接點(diǎn)我進(jìn)行微信在線(xiàn)咨詢(xún)
學(xué)在加拿大官方咨詢(xún)熱線(xiàn)
400-609-1118


最新資訊 查看更多>>
最新問(wèn)答 查看更多>>
熱門(mén)標(biāo)簽 查看更多>>