留學(xué)加拿大如何利用邏輯關(guān)系解決雅思閱讀單選題

加拿大留學(xué)單選題作為閱讀考試的必考題，一直以來(lái)是很多考生“聞風(fēng)喪膽“的題型之一，眼花繚亂的選項(xiàng)經(jīng)常讓考生無(wú)從下手，最后只能玩擲骰子的游戲來(lái)決定答案。究其原因是學(xué)生處理信息的能力缺失，導(dǎo)致無(wú)法辨別各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所傳達(dá)的信息內(nèi)容的區(qū)別。為防止出現(xiàn)如上問(wèn)題，我們便可以使用邏輯關(guān)系這一解題利器，有效排出考官設(shè)置的重重陷阱。

為了明確邏輯關(guān)系的作用，首先我們羅列出閱讀當(dāng)中常用的三大邏輯關(guān)系：因果關(guān)系，否定關(guān)系和對(duì)比關(guān)系。雅思閱讀

其次需要考生明確的是，無(wú)論答案句如何轉(zhuǎn)述替換，邏輯關(guān)系是不會(huì)消失的，這正是解題的關(guān)鍵所在。

1.因果關(guān)系

信號(hào)詞：基本因果關(guān)系詞（due to,because of……）,depend on,和...有關(guān)(be associated with),對(duì)...有影響(influence,effect,impact),determine，decide。

例題：劍11 T2 P3

In the second paragraph,the writer refers to a shape-matching test in order to illustrate

A.the subjective nature of art appreciation

B.the reliance of modern art on abstract forms.

C.our tendency to be influenced by the opinions of others.

D.a common problem encountered when processing visual data.

原文：Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces,from Mondrian's geometrical blocks of colour,to Pollock's seemingly haphazard arrangements of splashed paint on canvas?Sceptics believe that people claim to like such works simply because they are famous.We certainly do have an inclination to follow the crowd.When asked to make simple perceptual decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image,for example,people often choose a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the same.It is easy to imagine that this mentality would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art appreciation,where there is no right or wrong answer.

首先分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)出各自邏輯關(guān)系，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)C選項(xiàng)的influence正是我們要找的因果關(guān)系詞，定位到答案句，發(fā)現(xiàn)最后一句正是對(duì)題目當(dāng)中shape-matching test的總結(jié)，很快發(fā)現(xiàn)句中的impact on邏輯關(guān)系與之對(duì)應(yīng)，繼續(xù)尋找其他替換，opinion被concept替換，句意正好與C選項(xiàng)符合，故正確答案為C，此時(shí)還可以利用排除法將其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)排出，均未提及。

2.否定關(guān)系

信號(hào)詞：not,否定前綴，lack,prevent,little等等。

例題：劍6 T4 P3

The writer thinks that the declaration“There is no bullying at this school”

A.is no longer true in many schools

B.was not in fact made by many schools

C.reflected the school’s lack of concern

D.reflected a lack of knowledge and resources

留學(xué)加拿大如何利用邏輯關(guān)系解決雅思閱讀單選題

原文C段：Until recently,not much was known about the topic,and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying.Perhaps as a consequence,schools would often deny the problem.“There is no bullying at this school”has been a common refrain,almost certainly untrue.

此題分析選項(xiàng)后發(fā)現(xiàn)，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為否定關(guān)系，那么只需要找到答案句當(dāng)中所有的否定關(guān)系，一一排除即可。首先發(fā)現(xiàn)第一句的”not much was known”和“little help”為否定，第二句的”untrue”為否定，接著比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，尋找同義替換，A似乎可以替換untrue,但no longer暗含“不再”，具有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣，故排除A；B雖然是否定，但從理解的角度來(lái)看，與原文意思沖突，故排除；C和D均表示缺少的概念，但并未提到缺少關(guān)心，注意不要主觀推斷，故正確答案為D，known替換knowledge,help替換resources。學(xué)在加拿大

3.對(duì)比關(guān)系

信號(hào)詞：比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，rather than,prefer to,similar,unlike等等

例題：劍10 T2 P3

The writer says that unlike other forms of art,a painting does not

A.involve direct contact with an audience.

B.require a specific location for a performance.

C.need the involvement of other professionals.

D.have a specific beginning or end.

原文：A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed.By contrast,the audience encounters an opera or a play over a specific time,which is the duration of the performance.Similarly,novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence,whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewings or at which to finish.Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially,without appreciating the richness of detail and labour that is involved.

此題重點(diǎn)在審題，其中暗含了兩個(gè)邏輯關(guān)系，比較“unlike”和否定“not”，此時(shí)回到答案句，只需要找出有比較關(guān)系和否定關(guān)系的句子，很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，以“similarly”開頭的一句話，正是此題的答案，經(jīng)過(guò)替換，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，正確答案為D，“beginning or end”替換”start，end“。