IELTS雅思考試8月11日真題機經(jīng)考回解析

雅思聽力

　　場景話題：

　　P1澳洲旅游/P2一群實習生講述Renaldo電流的介紹/P3兩個學生討論問題/P4醫(yī)院修建花園對病人的影響

　　P1填空+選擇/P2填空/P3選擇+配對/P4填空

　　老師點評

　　本場考試難度正常，填空題出現(xiàn)在P1、P2、P4。答案（僅供參考）如下：

　　1.Thorn

　　2.5 days

　　3.Gold Coast

　　4.apartment

　　5-7單選

　　C Waterworld

　　A crocodiles

　　C shopping center

　　8-10多選

　　B playroom

　　E laundry

　　F cleaning

　　11.cars

　　12.1928

　　13.cinema

　　14.quality

　　15.factory

　　16.waste

　　17.safety

　　18.website

　　19.customers

　　20.money

　　21-25選擇

　　21.A

　　22.B

　　23.A

　　24.B

　　25.C

　　26-30配對

　　26.E

　　27.C

　　28.B

　　29.D

　　30.A

　　31.infection

　　32.wall

　　33.stress

　　34.heart

　　35.immune system

　　36.interview

　　37.fountain

　　38.furniture

　　39.birds

　　40.society

　　本場考試難度正常，填空題在P1、P2、P4都出現(xiàn)了，考察的詞匯整體不難；P1是澳洲旅游，旅游場景一直是P1的高頻場景，劍橋真題也可以找到類似的練習，可以針對這個場景進行練習，總結(jié)常見考點及場景詞；P2也出現(xiàn)了填空。對于大多數(shù)考生來說，面對填空題應該比選擇題更有信心，本次考察的詞匯也比較基礎；P3的題型組合是選擇+配對，是P3最常見的題型組合，這樣的組合題一定要多練習。選擇題審題時注意簡化選項信息，留下這個選項區(qū)別于其他選項的核心特征；配對題定位相對不難，考察的是答案句和選項的同義替換。在做配對題的時候，需要同時對題干、選項和錄音三組信息進行對應，難免有手忙腳亂的感覺，因此預先審題非常重要，抓住關鍵詞，有助于捕捉答案句中的關鍵信息；P4仍然是筆記填空，infection和immune system可能有考生不熟悉，平時復習中還要注意積累詞匯，尤其是單詞“發(fā)音”，一定要熟悉。

　　考試建議

　　1.場景方面：場景方面依然是主流場景（咨詢、旅游生活場景、課程討論、學科探討和講座），在接下來的考試中，考生還應將重點放在P1咨詢，租房，旅游，找工作；P2旅游，活動及公共場所設施介紹；P3課程討論及論文寫作；P4各類學科探討和講座。雅思聽力

　　2.題型：題型方面，P1、P4注意填空題。P1場景簡單并且比較固定，考試之前需要把P1的高頻場景詞匯都過一遍，這樣在考試的時候才能更快調(diào)動相關的場景詞。另外，記憶聽力單詞要做聽寫練習，建立發(fā)音和單詞的聯(lián)系，提高自己的反應速度；P4的場景注意練習商業(yè)、社科、動植物、科技類（參考練習：劍10 Test2 Section、劍8 Test3 Section4；劍13 Test2 Section 4、劍7 Test2 Section4；劍9 Test4 Section4、劍9 Test1 Section4；劍10 Test4 Section4），多積累場景詞匯及同義替換；P2、P3還是以單選/多選和配對為主，注意地圖題仍然有可能出現(xiàn)，注意通過做題積累位置和方位的表述（參考練習：劍14 Test 2 Section2；劍13 Test1 Section1）。選擇題在平時做題的過程中注意干擾項的排除，總結(jié)干擾項的類型，積累同義替換，堅持做精聽練習，才能更好地應對這類題目（參考練習：劍8 Test2 Section3；劍9 Test1 Section 3；劍11 Test1 Section3）；配對題注意積累同義替換表達（參考練習：劍10 Test2 Section2；劍14 Test4 Section3）。3.機經(jīng)：如需參考機經(jīng)，以2016-2020年機經(jīng)為主。

IELTS雅思考試8月11日真題機經(jīng)考回解析

　　雅思閱讀

　　P1植物氣味

　　P2通過研究以前的航海日志研究氣候變化

　　P3嘗試破譯一本古代的手稿（Voynich Manuscript）

　　老師點評

　　1.本場考試的難度較難。

　　2.整體分析：涉及植物類（P1）、環(huán)境類（P2）、社科類（P3）。

　　本次考試話題較為晦澀，理解難度大。第一篇文章拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的填空題+單選題題型搭配，在第一篇就考察了配對題+判斷題+選擇題題型。考生普遍反應三篇文章閱讀耗時長，定位困難，讀不懂文章?？忌谄綍r復習時一定夯實基礎，積累生詞和替換詞，提升長難句理解能力，從根本上提升閱讀實力。

　　3.部分答案及參考文章：

　　Passage 1：植物氣味

　　題型：配對題+判斷題+選擇題

　　A

　　Everyone is familiar with scented flowers,and many people have heard that floral odors help the plant attract pollinators.This common notion is mostly correct,but it is surprising how little scientific proof of it exists.Of course,not all flowers are pollinated by biological agents–for example,many grasses are wind-pollinated–but the flowers of the grasses may still emit volatiles.In fact,plants emit organic molecules all the time,although they may not be obvious to the human nose.As for flower scents that we can detect with our noses,bouquets that attract moths and butterflies generally smell“sweet,”and those that attract certain flies seem“rotten”to us.

　　B

　　The release of volatiles from vegetative parts of the plant is familiar,although until recently the physiological functions of these chemicals were less clear and had received much less attention from scientists.When the trunk of a pine tree is injured–for example,when a beetle tries to burrow into it–it exudes a very smelly resin.This resin consists mostly of terpenes–hydrocarbons with a backbone of 10,15 or 20 carbons that may also contain atoms of oxygen.The heavier C20 terpenes,called diterpenes,are glue-like and can cover and immobilize insects as they plug the hole.This defense mechanism is as ancient as it is effective:Many samples of fossilized resin,or amber,contain the remains of insects trapped inside.Many other plants emit volatiles when injured,and in some case,the emitted signal helps defend the plant.For example,(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate,which is known as a“green leaf volatile”because it is emitted by many plants upon injury,deters females of the moth Heliothis virescens from laying eggs on injured tobacco plants.Interestingly,the profile of emitted tobacco volatiles is different at night than during the day,and it is the nocturnal blend,rich in several(Z)-3-hexen-1-olesters,that is most effective in repelling the night-active H.virescens moths.

　　C

　　Herbivore induced volatiles often serve as indirect defenses.These bulwarks exist in a variety of plant species,including corn,beans,and the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana.Plants not only emit volatiles acutely,at the site where caterpillars,mites,aphids or similar insects are eating them but also generally from non-damaged parts of the plant.These signals attract a variety of predatory insects that prey on the plant-eaters.For example,some parasitic wasps can detect the volatile signature of a damaged plant and will lay their eggs inside the offending caterpillar;eventually,the wasp eggs hatch,and the emerging larvae feed on the caterpillar from the inside hatch,and the emerging larvae feed on the caterpillar from the inside out.The growth of infected caterpillars is retarded considerably,to the benefit of the plant.Similarly,volatiles released by plants in response to herbivore egg laying can attract parasites of the eggs,thereby preventing them from hatching and avoiding the onslaught of hungry herbivores that would have emerged.Plant volatiles can also be used as a kind of currency in some very indirect defensive schemes.In the rainforest understory tree Leonardoxa Africana,ants of the species Petalomyrmex phylax patrol young leaves and attack any herbivorous insects that they encounter.The young leaves emit high levels of the volatile compound methyl salicylate,a compound that the ants use either as a pheromone or as an antiseptic in their nests.It appears that methyl salicylate is both an attractant and a reward offered by the tree to get the ants to perform this valuable deterrent role.

　　D

　　Floral scent has a strong impact on the economic success of many agricultural crops that rely on insect pollinators,including fruit trees such as the bee-pollinated cherry,apple,apricot and peach,as well as vegetables and tropical plants such as papaya.Pollination not only affects crop yield,but also the quality and efficiency of crop production.Many crops require most,if not all,ovules to be fertilized for optimum fruit size and shape.A decrease in fragrance emission reduces the ability of flowers to attract pollinators and results in considerable losses for growers,particularly for introduced species that had a specialized pollinator in their place of origin.This problem has been exacerbated by recent disease epidemics that have killed many honeybees,the major insect pollinators in the United States.

　　E

　　One means by which plant breeders circumvent the pollination problem is by breeding self-compatible,or apomictic,varieties that do not require fertilization.Although this solution is adequate,its drawbacks include near genetic uniformity and consequent susceptibility to pathogens.Some growers have attempted to enhance honeybee foraging by spraying scent compounds on orchard trees,but this approach was costly,had to be repeated,had potentially toxic effects on the soil or local biota,and,in the end,proved to be inefficient.The poor effectiveness of this strategy probably reflects inherent limitations of the artificial,topically applied compounds,which clearly fail to convey the appropriate message to the bees.For example,general spraying of the volatile mixture cannot tell the insects where exactly the blossoms are.Clearly,a more refined strategy is needed.The ability to enhance existing floral scent,which could all be accomplished by genetic engineering,would allow us to manipulate the types of insect pollinators and the frequency of their visits.Moreover,the metabolic engineering of fragrance could increase crop protection against pathogens and pests.

　　F

　　Genetic manipulation of the scent will also benefit the floriculture industry.Ornamentals,including cut flowers,foliage and potted plants,play an important aesthetic role in human life.Unfortunately,traditional breeding has often produced cultivars with improved vase life,shipping characteristics,color and shape while sacrificing desirable perfumes.The loss of scent among ornamentals,which have a worldwide value of more than$30 billion,makes them important targets for the genetic manipulation of flower fragrance.Some work has already begun in this area,as several groups have created petunia and carnation plants that express the linalool synthase gene from C.Breweri.These experiments are still preliminary:For technical reasons,the gene was expressed everywhere in the plant,and although the transgenic plants did create small amounts of linalool,the level was below the threshold of detection for the human nose.Similar experiments in tobacco used genes for other monoterpene synthases,such as the one that produces limonene,but gave similar results. 雅思閱讀

　　G

　　The next generation of experiments,already in progress,includes sophisticated schemes that target the expression of scent genes specifically to flowers or other organs–such as special glands that can store antimicrobial or herbivore–repellent compounds.

　　參考答案

　　1.B

　　2.A

　　3.F

　　4.C

　　5.TRUE

　　6.NOT GIVEN

　　7.TRUE

　　8.FALSE

　　9.B

　　10.B

　　11.C

　　12.D

　　13.A

　　Passage 2：通過研究以前的航海日志研究氣候變化

　　具體文章題型和參考答案待確認

　　Passage 3：嘗試破譯一本古代的手稿

　　具體文章題型和參考答案待確認

　　考試建議

　　1.從已知信息來看，閱讀速度依舊是影響考生得分的關鍵。同時，最近考試常常考察選擇題型，該題型相對來說對細節(jié)要求更高，耗時更長。如果平時烤鴨沒有太關注選擇題的話，可以參考練習10-4-3，11-2-3，11-4-2，12-3-3，12-4-2，13-1-3。下場考試，烤鴨們還是注意首篇出現(xiàn)填空+判斷的篇章。第二篇注意出現(xiàn)配對題相關的搭配。課下練習注意時間分配合理，熟練掌握各個題型和篇章搭配類型的定位方法。同時，下場考試注意List of Headings題型可能會出現(xiàn)，重點注意常見段落結(jié)構如何區(qū)分主次信息，抽象選項和原文信息如何識別出對應點。填空題除了高頻直接填空外，還需關注選詞填空。3.重點瀏覽2016到2021年機經(jīng)。

IELTS雅思考試8月11日真題機經(jīng)考回解析

雅思寫作

　　小作文：地圖題

　　大作文：In more and more countries,people choose to give money on special occasions rather than giving gifts chosen personally.Why might this be the case?Is it a positive or a negative development?

　　老師點評

　　1.本次考試難度較低。

　　2.整體分析：

　　Task 1：地圖題(對比1760年火山噴發(fā)前后小島的變化)

　　注意：1.本題為動態(tài)地圖題，描述火山噴發(fā)前后小島的變化，考生們需要掌握如何描述變化，以及如何在不同的變化之間自然地銜接與過渡，邏輯思路要清晰。2.注意介詞的用法和時態(tài)的準確性。3.詞句表達要準確，并嘗試從主語出發(fā)提升句子的多樣性。

　　相關表達：

　　...be located+方位

　　...be situated+方位

　　...lie+方位

　　There be...+方位

　　...be replaced by...

　　...substitute for...

　　Task 2：社會生活類話題

　　題目翻譯：在越來越多的國家，在某些特殊場合，人們選擇送錢而不是送自己挑選的禮物。為什么會這樣？這是積極的還是消極的發(fā)展？

　　從話題上來說，屬于社會生活類話題，考生可以運用平時對此話題的積累加以論證。

　　從類型上來說，屬于report類文章。

　　可以采取四段式的寫法：

　　第一段：題目改寫。

　　第二段：人們選擇送錢而不是送自己挑選的禮物的原因。

　　第三段：這是一個消極的發(fā)展+論證

　　第四段：總結(jié)段-對主體段內(nèi)容略加總結(jié)并延伸。

　　題目思路：

　　主體段1:人們選擇送錢而不是送自己挑選的禮物的原因。雅思寫作

　　在一些國家，金錢送禮是一種傳統(tǒng)習俗(custom)，寓意著某家大事要辦的時候互相幫襯，湊一些錢來辦事例如婚禮，生日等。之后互相回禮（send a return present/reciprocate），所以金錢禮物也好做記錄和整理。Also,現(xiàn)在大家生活水平(living standards)都有提升，與其送大家不需要的禮物，不如送錢，讓人們自己去選擇要買的東西，可能更實在。Besides,現(xiàn)在很多關系都可以用錢來衡量(be measured in terms of money)，送禮的多少標志著重視程度。所以大家習慣了(get accustomed to)這樣的送禮模式。

　　主體段2:這是一個消極的發(fā)展+論證

　　金錢禮物可能會逐漸將人們的送禮情誼(love)物化(objectify)。從而淡化了人與人之間的情誼。禮金高低逐漸可能會導致攀比的風氣（make unrealistic comparison with others），甚至有可能夾雜不合法的送禮(illegality)。

　　考試建議

　　1.小作文：重點關注線圖、柱圖、表格和餅圖。

　　2.大作文：重點關注科技、社會、教育類話題；積極還是消極的發(fā)展作文今年出現(xiàn)較多，需要稍加注意。

　　3.重點瀏覽2021年寫作機經(jīng)，可借助《高分范文書》第8版經(jīng)典舊題來復習。

IELTS雅思考試8月11日真題機經(jīng)考回解析

雅思口語

　　老師點評

　　Part 1:

　　Part 1作為第一部分熱身環(huán)節(jié)，也要認真準備，記得有邏輯地說話。不管怎么樣的提問方式，一定最先直接回應題目。除了Introduction的問題以外，考官會抽取3-4話題，每個話題3-4個問題，每個題目需要20-25s。雅思口語

　　Part2：

　　千萬不要背答案，在這個環(huán)節(jié)，需要多多注意語音語調(diào)的起伏哦，適當說一些discourse marker?？梢猿浞掷脺蕚涞?分鐘時間，寫出20-30個關鍵詞，從而梳理自己的答題框架哦。說的時候需要1:45-2:00的素材內(nèi)容，大概200個單詞左右。這個季度上新的物品類話題偏多，需要注意合理地話題合并，給自己減輕壓力哦。