研究生留學(xué)加拿大GRE考試寫作練習(xí)多少篇才夠用

加拿大研究生留學(xué)GRE考試面對(duì)GRE寫作，即便練得再少，好歹是要練幾篇的。既然如此，我們就一起來(lái)探討下考試之前，最少應(yīng)該練幾篇。加拿大研究生GRE

GRE寫作有一個(gè)特色，也是我們應(yīng)該利用的特點(diǎn)：它的題庫(kù)是完全公開(kāi)的。我們最終在考場(chǎng)上遇到的題目會(huì)直接從題庫(kù)中抽取而出，不會(huì)做任何改變。所以，理論上講，只要我們提前準(zhǔn)備好所有題目，GRE寫作的高分是絕對(duì)能保障的，這一點(diǎn)和GRE的語(yǔ)文和數(shù)學(xué)都不一樣。

看完題庫(kù)之后，大家應(yīng)該心灰意冷了。不用數(shù)了，Issue部分題目：152道。Argument題目：177道。這樣的“天文數(shù)字”，似乎讓我們無(wú)從下手，但是……

真的有這么多道題目嗎

不是的！細(xì)心的同學(xué)應(yīng)該會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不論是Issue還是Argument，有很多題目的題干是高度相似甚至是完全一樣的，重復(fù)率幾乎為50%。這樣一來(lái)，Issue部分我們需要準(zhǔn)備的題目數(shù)量就變成了：152/2=76，Argument部分我們需要準(zhǔn)備的題目數(shù)量就變成了：177/2≈89。題庫(kù)直接縮小了一半。

但即便如此，題目數(shù)量還是很多，有沒(méi)有辦法再縮減一些呢？

要減負(fù)，就減負(fù)得狠一些

同學(xué)們自己在準(zhǔn)備時(shí)，容易陷入一個(gè)對(duì)題目的錯(cuò)誤分類方式（或說(shuō)是不高效的分類方式）：Issue按照“領(lǐng)域（即藝術(shù)、政治、科技、教育等）”分類，Argument按照“經(jīng)典邏輯錯(cuò)誤（臆造因果，錯(cuò)誤類比等）”分類。這樣的分類方式適用于老GRE，如果考生依然按照這樣的分類方式，很有可能就會(huì)陷入誤區(qū)。

那么，新GRE的題目分類方式應(yīng)該是按照什么呢？

一個(gè)詞，Instruction。

Instruction又叫Direction，中文意思是“具體性指令”或“寫作要求”。它出現(xiàn)在題目的什么位置呢？

示例：

題目下面這段斜體字就是Instruction。之前有同學(xué)跟我們反映說(shuō)：“曾經(jīng)以為每道題目下面的這個(gè)斜體字都是一樣的，所以根本不看”……

不看Instruction的后果很慘重，ETS明確說(shuō)，如果不按照Instruction，最高分不會(huì)超過(guò)三分。

而Issue當(dāng)中一共有6種Instruction，Argument當(dāng)中一共有4種Instruction，每一種對(duì)我們行文都有不同的要求。如此看來(lái)，在面對(duì)新GRE時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該按照Instruction來(lái)對(duì)題目進(jìn)行分類。

這樣一來(lái)，我們需要準(zhǔn)備的題目的類別數(shù)量即為：Issue6道，Argument4道。加在一起是10道題目，是原來(lái)總題目數(shù)量的3%。這個(gè)減負(fù)力度，夠狠了吧。

如果只有一周了，練幾篇

這個(gè)問(wèn)題也真是把我們逼上了絕路。但還剩一周才來(lái)看作文的同學(xué)其實(shí)也不在少數(shù)。在這樣的時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)上，因?yàn)锳rgument的套路性更強(qiáng)，模板也更好用，因此更好拿分，我們會(huì)告訴大家：“保Argument，爭(zhēng)Issue”。即把重點(diǎn)放在Argument上面，而Issue部分只需要明白寫作要點(diǎn)，實(shí)在沒(méi)有時(shí)間就可以不做全文練習(xí)了。這樣一來(lái)，我們面對(duì)GRE寫作，最少應(yīng)該練——4篇。

研究生留學(xué)加拿大GRE考試寫作練習(xí)多少篇才夠用

對(duì)于剛開(kāi)始GRE寫作備考的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，范文是一個(gè)很好的工具。宏觀上，閱讀范文可以讓我們更好地了解考試的要求，明確寫作的目標(biāo)；微觀上，我們也可以從范文中學(xué)習(xí)到一些好的具體的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式，有助于我們寫的更準(zhǔn)確更地道。

這篇文章里，選了一篇很典型的北美范文給大家參考，大家在學(xué)習(xí)這篇范文的同時(shí)，也可以結(jié)合本文思考一下自己要如何學(xué)習(xí)范文。首先，這個(gè)范文所對(duì)應(yīng)的題目如下：

Many important discoveries or creations are accidental:it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take.In developing and supporting your position,you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

這個(gè)題目屬于學(xué)習(xí)研究類話題，這個(gè)話題總體難度屬于中等，下面我們來(lái)看這個(gè)范文。

開(kāi)頭段

I must admit that important discoveries of the past lend considerable support to the statement.However,for further analysis we need to make careful differentiation between“discoveries”and“creations”,and the statement overstates the role of accident,or serendipity,when it comes to modern-day discoveries and creations.

首先，我們從段落結(jié)構(gòu)上看，第一句話屬于讓步，引出第二句話的however轉(zhuǎn)折內(nèi)容，表明作者對(duì)原題目的觀點(diǎn)主要是反對(duì)的態(tài)度。其次，從內(nèi)容上看，我們可以預(yù)測(cè)，作者很可能會(huì)寫三個(gè)主要內(nèi)容，一個(gè)是讓步的部分，一個(gè)是具體區(qū)分“discoveries”和“creations”，另一個(gè)是說(shuō)明原文為什么overstates the role of accident,or serendipity,when it comes to modern-day discoveries and creations。最后，語(yǔ)言部分，這里面有一個(gè)詞組可以關(guān)注，叫做lend considerable support to，意思上等于support支持。

第二段

Many discoveries are indeed accidental,for many of them often occur unexpectedly when people are in the quest for something else-such as an answer to an unrelated question or a solution to an unrelated problem.Various geographical,scientific,and anthropological discoveries aptly illustrate this point.In search of a trade route to the WestIndies Columbus discovered instead a continent unknown to Europeans;and during the course of an unrelated experiment Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin.In search of answers to questions about marine organisms,oceanographers often happen upon previously undiscovered,and important,archeological artifacts and geological phenomena.Conversely,in their quest to understand the earth’s structure and history geologists often stumble on important human artifacts.

這一段首先提出論點(diǎn)，對(duì)原文在一定程度上表示同意，然后就是論證過(guò)程，使用了舉例的論證方法，分別從geographical,scientific,and anthropological discoveries這三個(gè)角度進(jìn)行論證。這些例子大家可以順便收集一下備用。語(yǔ)言部分，這里面有表示偶然性的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組可以積累，一個(gè)是happen upon偶遇，另一個(gè)是stumble on偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)。

第三段

In light of the forgoing examples,“intentional discovery”might seem to be non-existent;yetin fact it is not.There are also many important discoveries which are anticipated and sought out purposefully.Marie Curie’s discovery of the element of radium after elaborate efforts could serve as an apt example.Also,in the efforts to find new celestial bodies,astronomers using increasingly powerful telescopes do indeed find them.Biochemists often discover important new vaccines and other biological and chemical agents for the curing,preventing,and treating of diseases not by stumbling on them in search of something else but rather through methodical search for these discoveries.In fact,in today’s world discovery is becoming increasingly an anticipated result of careful planning and methodical research,for the reason that scientific advancement now requires significant resources that only large corporations and governments possess.These entities are accountable to their shareholders and constituents,who demand clear strategies and objectives so that they can see a return ontheir investment.

結(jié)構(gòu)上，這一段首先反駁上文，并進(jìn)行舉例論證來(lái)支持自己的反駁。同時(shí)，提出一個(gè)作者自己的新論點(diǎn)In fact,in today’s world discovery is becoming increasingly ananticipated result of careful planning and methodical research，并從原理角度進(jìn)行分析和支持。這個(gè)原理的論證部分邏輯清晰，內(nèi)容也很獨(dú)到和精彩，可以積累下來(lái)。語(yǔ)言上，In light of是根據(jù)的意思，等同于based on，這個(gè)經(jīng)常使用，可以積累下來(lái)。

第四段

In marked contrast to discoveries,how creations typically come about is totally different because of the very definition of the term itself.Creations are by nature products of their creator’s purposeful designs.Humankind’s key creations,such as the printing press,the internal combustion engine,and semi-conductor technology,sprung quite intentionally from the inventor’s imagination and objectives.It iscrucial to distinguish here between a creation and the spin-offs from that creation,which the original creator may or may not foresee.For instance,the engineers at some universities who originally created the ARPANET as a means to transfer data among themselves certainly intended to create that network for that purpose.What these engineers did not intend to create,however,was what would eventually evolve into the infrastructure for mass media and communications,and even commerce.Yet the ARPANET itself was no accident,no rare the many creations that it spawned,such as the World Wide Web and the countless creations that the Web has in turn spawned.

這一段對(duì)應(yīng)首段里面的for further analysis we need to make careful differentiation between“discoveries”and“creations”，主要說(shuō)creations要有目的地創(chuàng)造，并且舉例進(jìn)行過(guò)證明。這個(gè)例子講Internet的產(chǎn)生，可以積累。語(yǔ)言上，spin-off是副產(chǎn)品的意思，spawn有產(chǎn)卵，引申義為產(chǎn)生。

結(jié)尾段

In sum,the statement has overlooked acrucial distinction between the nature of discovery and the nature of creation.Although serendipity has always played a key role in many important discoveries,at least up till now,purposeful intent is necessarily the key to human creation.

這一段的主要目的就是重復(fù)一下論點(diǎn)，作者把正文段里面的幾點(diǎn)換了一個(gè)方式重述了一遍。我們寫的文章里，結(jié)尾段不需要寫的多精彩，也這樣寫就好。GRE寫作

這個(gè)文章總體來(lái)說(shuō)，整體總分總結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰，開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾段與正文段內(nèi)容的對(duì)應(yīng)一目了然。這是我們最應(yīng)該也是比較容易去學(xué)習(xí)借鑒的地方。此外文章的例子非常豐富，而且敘述得很好，無(wú)論從例子內(nèi)容本身，還是例子的表達(dá)方式上都值得大家積累學(xué)習(xí)。