GMAT論道：何為句子原意

發(fā)布時(shí)間： 2010-07-26 00:00:00

摘要：

 （1）應(yīng)該如何看待一道語(yǔ)法題目的A選項(xiàng)？  　　在直觀(guān)感受上，A選項(xiàng)是有點(diǎn)特殊的，因?yàn)樗淮肓祟}干，與不劃線(xiàn)的部分連成一體。所以，給考生形成了A代人后的句子代表了&rdquo...

（1）應(yīng)該如何看待一道語(yǔ)法題目的A選項(xiàng)？

在直觀(guān)感受上， A選項(xiàng)是有點(diǎn)特殊的，因?yàn)樗淮肓祟}干，與不劃線(xiàn)的部分連成一體。所以，給考生形成了A代人后的句子代表了”原句“的錯(cuò)覺(jué)。實(shí)際上，我們完全可以把一道GMAT語(yǔ)法題目看做一道填空題，即，題干的劃線(xiàn)部分是blank，你有5種選擇，需要從5種選擇中選擇一個(gè)填入這個(gè)blank。換言之，5個(gè)選項(xiàng)的地位是平等的，GMAC從來(lái)沒(méi)有給出過(guò)A的地位特殊的任何官方說(shuō)法。

（2）為何多年之前會(huì)有正確答案不改變“原句”意思的說(shuō)法？

很簡(jiǎn)單，必須承認(rèn)，雖然我們經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)“意合”，但是即便在新PREP中，5個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思都徹底不同的，畢竟是少數(shù)，更多的意思不同，都是體現(xiàn)在局部。更別說(shuō)N年前 BY等前輩賴(lài)以分析的樣本了。所以，在那個(gè)年代的GMAT題目中，A選項(xiàng)和其它選項(xiàng)意思有差別的概率本來(lái)就很小，那是一個(gè)關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)的年代。也許因?yàn)檫@樣，為了在授課時(shí)候能多填充點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，這些前輩才給出這條荒謬之極的“不改變?cè)?rdquo;規(guī)律。

（3 ）什么才是真正的原意？

這個(gè)問(wèn)題非常浩瀚。今天只能簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)一個(gè)最基本的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：正確的人做正確的事，修飾成分和被修飾成分正確對(duì)應(yīng)。舉2個(gè)例子：

The Environmental Protection Agency’s proposal to place restrictions on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, saying that the move will exacerbate the nation’s fuel supply problems.

A. on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, saying

B. on both diesel fuel and engines have sparked the oil industry to counterattack, and they say

C. on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, which says

D. both on diesel fuel and engines has sparked the oil industry to a counterattack, saying

E. both on diesel fuel and diesel engines have sparked the oil industry to counterattack, and it says

C和A的區(qū)別是啥？就是say這個(gè)動(dòng)作到底是industry發(fā)出，還是全句的主語(yǔ)proposal 發(fā)出。這個(gè)時(shí)候不能根據(jù)A認(rèn)為是saying，就把其它選項(xiàng)殺掉，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)全句的句意，判斷說(shuō)出這話(huà)的應(yīng)該是industry，因?yàn)閜roposal不會(huì)自己反對(duì)自己，只有石油工業(yè)才會(huì)反對(duì)那個(gè)限制柴油機(jī)使用的proposal。這背后的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么？就是傳說(shuō)中的邏輯，動(dòng)作發(fā)出者與動(dòng)作的合理對(duì)應(yīng)。

The ability of scientists to provide models of the atmosphere's complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions, have become ever more accurate.

(A) The ability of scientists to provide models of the atmosphere's complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions, have become ever more accurate.

(B) The ability of scientists has become ever more accurate in providing models of the atmosphere's complex responses to changing conditions, such as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.

(C) Scientists have become able to provide ever more accurate models of the atmosphere's complex responses to such changing conditions as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.

(D) Scientists have become ever more accurate in their ability for providing models of the atmosphere's complex responses to changing conditions, like seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions.

(E) Scientists' ability to provide models of the atmosphere's complex responses to such changing conditions as seasonal and daily cycles or different planetary conjunctions have become ever more accurate.

請(qǐng)注意在每個(gè)選項(xiàng)里面accurate的修飾對(duì)象， ABE是能力， D是科學(xué)家, C是模型。不比不知道，一比就清楚了，應(yīng)該修飾的是模型。這道題目屬于選項(xiàng)意思之間差異較大的，但確定哪個(gè)意思正確，也不是依靠所謂的“原句”，而是修飾和被修飾者的合理對(duì)應(yīng)，比如你不能用婀娜來(lái)修飾男人，不能用精確來(lái)修飾眉毛，對(duì)嗎？

（4）A選項(xiàng)到底有沒(méi)有特殊地位？

這個(gè)問(wèn)題只能作為猜想。對(duì)于命題者，這個(gè)是很好的調(diào)控難度的工具。如果想降低難度，把能反映句意的選項(xiàng)設(shè)為A，則能幫助考生較快獲得句意，如果想加大難度，則把唧唧歪歪的選項(xiàng)設(shè)為A。在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，主動(dòng)權(quán)全部在GMAC。

結(jié)論：

招魂者可休矣，陳年遺毒速散兮，正是——

金猴奮起千鈞棒玉宇澄清萬(wàn)里埃。

更多留學(xué)干貨內(nèi)容，歡迎關(guān)注學(xué)在加拿大官方微信號(hào)或者小助手