“A company's long-term success is primarily dependent on the job satisfaction and the job security felt by the company's employees.”

    這道題討論的是“企業(yè)長期成功”(a company's long-term success)與“工作滿意度及工作穩(wěn)定度”(job satisfaction and job security)之間的關系。相對應的補集概念為“企業(yè)長期失敗”與“工作不滿意及工作不穩(wěn)定”。那么，在以上所敘述的四個集合之間展開的討論，都是屬于緊扣題意的。

    如果錯誤使用Argument尋找他因的思路，考生就容易去思考“企業(yè)長期成功”除了依靠“工作滿意度及工作穩(wěn)定度”之外，還要依靠新興市場、企業(yè)美譽度、商業(yè)聯(lián)盟等因素，即可能形成類似下面這種范文段落：

    I agree that business success is more likely when employees feel satisfied with their jobs. Employees who dislike the workplace or their jobs are not likely to reach their potential performance levels; they may tend to arrive late for work, perform their tasks in an unimaginative and sluggish manner, or take excessive sick leaves. Nevertheless, a firm's long-term success may equally result from other factors such as finding a market niche for products, securing a reputation for quality products and services, or forming a synergistic alliance with a competitor. This list hardly exhausts all the factors that can contribute to a firm's ultimate success, and no none of them—including job satisfaction—is pivotal in every case.

    以上段落中，前半部分論述得當，而后面的劃線部分內(nèi)容就有跑題之嫌。因為，這種發(fā)散的思路，從形式上，缺少了一組重要的關鍵詞——“工作滿意度及工作穩(wěn)定度”;從內(nèi)容上，把文章帶領到了一個無邊無際的他因海洋之中，嚴重稀釋了原有命題所應有的論證內(nèi)容，這種發(fā)散思路只適用于Argument的批判寫作。

    再比如，一位考生在討論“領導者”與“道德”之間的關系時，主體第一段寫“領導者需要有道德”，第二段寫“領導者除了要有道德之外，還需要有溝通能力”，第三段寫“領導者除了有道德和溝通能力外，還需要有團隊合作能力”?？梢姡@篇文章，除了第一段扣題之外，第二和第三段都屬于跑題段落。